The short answer
A correction is a second document that references the original invoice rather than replacing it: a credit note when the value goes down, a debit note when it goes up. For agencies specifically, that plays out against how the trade already sells and to whom.
Credit and debit notes for agencies
No inventory, but pass-through media and production costs that must be billed accurately and separated from the agency's own fee. That is the background against which credit and debit notes has to work in this trade.
What invoicing actually looks like here
Invoice trade where the document often has to separate the agency fee from pass-through media spend, because the client treats the two differently and so does the tax position.
What the rules say
This page explains how a requirement generally works. It is not tax advice, and it cannot account for the specifics of any one business. For a position you intend to rely on, confirm with KRA directly or with a registered tax agent.
Tax rules in Kenya change with each Finance Act and with regulations made during the year. Before acting on any figure, deadline or threshold, check the current position on KRA's own website.
What we are not stating here. Some of the specific requirements relating to this topic have not yet been verified against their primary source by our reviewer, so they are withheld from this page rather than stated from memory. That means you will not find a threshold, rate, deadline or penalty figure below. For those, check KRA directly. Everything else on this page explains how the mechanism works and is not affected.
The instinct that causes the problem
When an invoice is wrong, the instinct is to fix the invoice. Delete it, reissue it, change the figure. That instinct is the source of most correction problems, because the original document has already been transmitted and the customer may already be relying on it.
How corrections actually work
A correction is a second document that references the first. If the value goes down, because goods came back or a price was overstated, that is a credit note. If it goes up, because something was undercharged, that is a debit note. The original invoice stays as it was. The pair, read together, explains what happened, which is exactly what an auditor needs and what an amended invoice cannot provide.
Trades where this is daily rather than occasional
For a distributor running vans, or a bakery whose unsold bread comes back from shops, returns are not an exception to be handled ad hoc. They are part of the operating rhythm, and the correction process needs to be as routine as the sale. A business in that position should choose its invoicing setup partly on how well it handles credit notes, which is not usually the feature anyone demonstrates.
Where this goes wrong
- Pass-through costs absorbed instead of billed
- Client approvals delaying invoicing
- Withholding tax on professional fees
Common questions
Does a agency need to issue a tax invoice for every sale?
Invoice trade where the document often has to separate the agency fee from pass-through media spend, because the client treats the two differently and so does the tax position.
What usually goes wrong with records in a agency?
The recurring problems in this trade are pass-through costs absorbed instead of billed; client approvals delaying invoicing; withholding tax on professional fees; freelancer costs against project margins. Each of them shows up in the records before it shows up in the bank balance.
How should a agency keep stock records?
No inventory, but pass-through media and production costs that must be billed accurately and separated from the agency's own fee. Records that do not reflect that pattern will not tell you anything useful, whatever system produces them.
How do I know this information is current?
Tax rules in Kenya change with each Finance Act and with regulations made during the year. Before acting on any figure, deadline or threshold, check the current position on KRA's own website.
Sources
- officialeTIMS (Electronic Tax Invoice Management System) — Kenya Revenue Authority, checked 2026-09-18
- officialeTIMS taxpayer portal — Kenya Revenue Authority, checked 2026-09-18
- officialTax Procedures Act, 2015 (Act No. 29 of 2015) — National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law), checked 2026-09-18
- officialValue Added Tax Act, 2013 (Act No. 35 of 2013) — National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law), checked 2026-09-18
- officialKenya Revenue Authority — Kenya Revenue Authority, checked 2026-09-18